Self-Help Legal Guide
Court Help & Legal Resources
Prepare & Find Attorney Help
Need help preparing for court? Learn what documents to bring, how to prepare for a hearing, and when to speak with an attorney or legal aid resource.
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States with active legal aid & attorney referrals
Know Your Rights
Who Is Entitled to a Free Lawyer?
The law treats criminal and civil cases very differently when it comes to your right to a free attorney. Understanding which category applies to you is the first step.
Find Attorney Help provides general legal information and attorney connection resources. We are not a law firm and do not provide legal advice. Court rules and deadlines vary by state, county, and case type.
Criminal Cases
Civil Cases
Step by Step
Going to Court
Without a Lawyer
1
Complete Your Paperwork
2
File With the Clerk
Submit your completed petition to your local clerk of the circuit court. They’ll assign a case number and collect your filing fee — or determine if you qualify for a fee waiver.
3
Serve the Other Party
4
Attend Your Hearing
Do You Qualify?
Types of Family Court
Petitions
When you take a case to court, you must file the right type of petition for your situation. Each petition type has its own set of forms and instructions. Choose the one that matches your case.
The Respondent has 20 days to file an answer after being served. The Petitioner then has 20 days to respond to any counterpetition.
Divorce
Divorce involving relocating children
Support Unconnected with Divorce
Modify Parenting Plan, Child Support or Alimony
Disestablishing Paternity
Temporary Custody by Extended Family
Domestic Violence / Repeat Violence / Stalking
Stepparent Adoption
Name Change
Paternity (Fatherhood)
Plain Language
Key Legal Terms Explained
Petitioner
Respondent
Petition
Final Judgment
Order
Service
Before You Go
Tips for Your Court Date
Showing up prepared makes a significant difference. Here’s what you need to know before you walk into the courtroom.
Bring All Your Paperwork
Every document you've filed, plus any orders or final judgment forms the clerk told you to bring. Leave order forms blank for the judge to complete.
Arrive Early
Plan to arrive at least 30 minutes before your scheduled hearing. Allow time for security screening and finding the correct courtroom.
Dress Professionally
First impressions matter in court. Dress conservatively and professionally — avoid casual clothing, hats, or anything distracting.
Speak Only When Asked
Address the judge as "Your Honor." Wait to be called upon before speaking. Stay calm, be concise, and never interrupt the other party.
Know What Not to Bring
Leave phones on silent or off. Do not bring food or drinks. Children should only attend if specifically required by the court order.
Ask the Clerk If Unsure
Clerks of court can answer procedural questions. They cannot give legal advice, but they can tell you what forms you need and how to file them.
Common Questions
Frequently Asked Questions
Can I represent myself in court?
What if I can't afford the filing fee?
What is a public defender and how do I get one?
How long do I have to respond after being served?
What is the difference between a motion and a petition?
A petition opens a new case and asks the court for a major action (like a divorce). A motion is filed during an existing case asking the judge to decide a specific issue — like temporarily changing custody arrangements while the case is ongoing.
Do I need a lawyer for a hearing or can I go alone?
You can attend a hearing without a lawyer, but it is strongly recommended that you at least consult with one beforehand. Our service can connect you with a free consultation so you understand your rights and what to expect — at no cost and with no obligation to hire anyone.
Don't Face the Legal System Alone - American Bar Assoc is Here to Help
Whether you need a referral, free legal aid, or just need to understand your rights — our network is ready to connect you with real help, at no cost to you.